Motorcycle Headlight Modulators: The Law

Network King — Thu, 19 Aug 2010 09:32:11 +0000

Official U.S. Code of Federal Regulations Governing Motorcycle Headlight Modulators

Print this page to keep with you on your motorcycle in case you get stopped by the Police.

This Federal law supersedes all state laws and makes motorcycle headlight modulators legal in all 50 states. FMVSS 108 (Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards) (49 CFR Part 571.108 S7.9.4) allows motorcycle headlight modulation systems all 50 states provided they comply with the standards set forth in this section. Title 49 USC 30103 (b1) (US Codes) prohibits any state from forbidding a system that conforms to FMVSS 108.

Code of Federal Regulation - Title 49, Volume 5, Parts 400 to 999 - Revised as of October 1, 2000
From the U.S. Government Printing Office via GPO Access [CITE: 49CFR571.108] [Page 236-307]
TITLE 49: TRANSPORTATION - CHAPTER V, NATIONAL HIGHWAY TRAFFIC SAFETY ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
PART 571, FEDERAL MOTOR VEHICLE SAFETY STANDARDS - Subpart B--Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards - Sec. 571.108 Standard No. 108;

Lamps, reflective devices, and associated equipment - S7.9.4 Motorcycle headlamp modulation system.

S7.9.4.1 A headlamp on a motorcycle may be wired to modulate either the upper beam or the lower beam from its maximum intensity to a lesser intensity, provided that:

(a) The rate of modulation shall be 240 40 cycles per minute.
(b) The headlamp shall be operated at maximum power for 50 to 70 percent of each cycle.
(c) The lowest intensity at any test point shall be not less than 17 percent of the maximum intensity measured at the same point.
(d) The modulator switch shall be wired in the power lead of the beam filament being modulated and not in the ground side of the circuit.
(e) Means shall be provided so that both the lower beam and upper beam remain operable in the event of a modulator failure.
(f) The system shall include a sensor mounted with the axis of its sensing element perpendicular to a horizontal plane. Headlamp modulation shall cease whenever the level of light emitted by a tungsten filament light operating at 3000 deg. Kelvin is either less than 270 lux (25 foot-candles) of direct light for upward pointing sensors or less than 60 lux (5.6 foot-candles) of reflected light for downward pointing sensors. The light is measured by a silicon cell type light meter that is located at the sensor and pointing in the same direction as the sensor. A Kodak Gray Card (Kodak R-27) is placed at ground level to simulate the road surface in testing downward pointing sensors.
(g) When tested in accordance with the test profile shown in Figure 9, the voltage drop across the modulator when the lamp is on at all test conditions for 12 volt systems and 6 volt systems shall not be greater than .45 volt. The modulator shall meet all the provisions of the standard after completion of the test profile shown in Figure 9.
(h) Means shall be provided so that both the lower and upper beam function at design voltage when the headlamp control switch is in either the lower or upper beam position when the modulator is off.

S7.9.4.2(a) Each motorcycle headlamp modulator not intended as original equipment, or its container, shall be labeled with the maximum wattage, and the minimum wattage appropriate for its use. Additionally, each such modulator shall comply with S7.9.4.1 (a) through (g)
when connected to a headlamp of the maximum rated power and a headlamp of the minimum rated power, and shall provide means so that the modulated beam functions at design voltage when the modulator is off.

(b) Instructions, with a diagram, shall be provided for mounting the light sensor including location on the motorcycle, distance above the road surface, and orientation with respect to the light.

3 Basic Points to ponder when considering your first bike

Network King — Thu, 19 Aug 2010 09:02:32 +0000

By Basem Wasef, About.com Guide

So you're finally ready to buy a motorcycle?

Here are some basic points to ponder when considering your first bike:

1. Don't overestimate your ability.

One common mistake among newbies is to purchase a bike with far more performance than they can handle. Stay away from crotch rockets, especially anything with an engine larger than 600cc; you'll learn more on a slower bike, and become a better rider because of it. Plus, after you've honed your skills and gained experience, you'll be ready to upgrade and truly appreciate a faster bike.

2. Choose a bike that fits your body.

This point is less obvious than it might sound. Bikes come in dramatically different shapes and sizes, and so does the human body. Try a bike on for size, and if possible, take it for a spin; you'll find that the ergonomic experience of riding will differ dramatically from bike to bike. That café racer you thought was so cool, for instance, might strain your wrists to the point of discomfort. Conversely, that Harley Sportster you might have never considered might win you over with its low seat and manageable center of gravity. You won't know until you try one on for size!

3. Consider your long-term budget.

A number of factors are at play when trying to decide between a new and used bike. While new bikes might be more reliable and easier on the eyes, you'll lose more money through depreciation. Conversely, a used bike in need of maintenance could result in unexpected expenditures. Also, don't forget to factor insurance costs into the big picture; all this stuff adds up!

Before You Buy Your First Motorcycle

Network King — Thu, 19 Aug 2010 08:54:41 +0000

By Basem Wasef, About.com Guide

So you've learned your motorcycling basics, taken a safety course, stocked up on safety gear and decided to take the plunge and buy your first bike?

If you're ready to shop for your first motorcycle, check out our list of 10 Great First Bikes and 10 Great Beginner Bikes; we've also got a list of 10 Great Advanced Beginner Bikes.

Here are important factors to consider before you make that big purchase:

Don't overestimate your ability.
One common mistake among newbies is to purchase a bike with far more performance than they can handle. Stay away from crotch rockets, especially anything with an engine larger than 600cc; when you learn how to ride on a slower bike, you'll become a better rider because of it. Plus, after you've honed your skills and gained experience, you'll be ready to upgrade and truly appreciate a faster bike.

Consider your needs.
Will you be riding in lots of traffic? Traveling long distances? Motorcycles come in many shapes and sizes, and you must consider your individual needs when picking a bike. Check out our Definitions of Different Bike Types article, and our Visual Guide to Types of Motorcycles photo gallery for an idea of what's out there.

Consider how you'll be using your bike, and how riding it will impact your experience; for instance, if you're looking for a weekend toy, you might be more tolerant of a sexy bike that happens to be uncomfortable.

Recognizing your needs will make choosing your future bike become infinitely easier.

Know your options.
Bikes have become increasingly specialized in recent years, and the proliferation of different types of motorcycles offers a number of choices that can be both empowering and daunting.

Once you have a better idea of what you want, take a look at our New Motorcycle Galleries and our New Motorcycle Reviews before you visit a dealership. While interacting with different bikes, you'll probably develop distinct likes and dislikes, which will get you one step closer to making a purchasing decision.
Choose a bike that fits your body.

This point is less obvious than it might sound. Bikes come in dramatically different shapes and sizes, and so does the human body. Try a bike on for size, and if possible, take it for a spin; you'll find that the ergonomic experience of riding will differ dramatically from bike to bike. That sport bike you thought was so cool, for instance, might strain your wrists to the point of discomfort. Conversely, that cruiser might win you over with its low seat and manageable center of gravity. You won't know until you try one on for size!

New or Used?
There are a number of tradeoffs associated with both new and used bikes, and there is no single "right" choice; the choice is completely individual, and depends on personal preferences (not to mention finances.)

New bikes come with the comfort of reliability a warranty, though you'll pay a premium for that peace of mind.

Used bikes are great for beginners because there's usually less worry about damaging something that's not already in perfect shape. They're also often better values, since they've already depreciated, though they might not be as reliable as new bikes, and cost more money in the long run.

Consider your long-term budget.
When committing to buy a motorcycle, don't forget to estimate all the added expenses associated with riding.

Before choosing a bike, be sure to check insurance rates with several carriers, and pick a plan that works with your budget; in general, the higher the deductible, the lower the premium.

You'll want to budget the cost of safety gear. A quality helmet, jacket, gloves, and pants can add up to a substantial amount of money.

Also, don't forget to account for the cost of routine maintenance which can vary wildly, depending on make and type of motorcycle.

Though it may be tempting, don't make a rash purchase...
Buying your first bike is an exciting endeavor, but don't get too swept away with the heat of the moment. If you see a bike and fall in love with it, make sure you'll enjoy owning it after the initial thrill fades. Have a used motorcycle checked out by a qualified mechanic. Read up about the model you're considering, and consider all factors-- economic, practical, and otherwise, before making your purchase.

Chances are, you won't regret your forethought!
... and yet, choose a bike you'll be excited to ride!
People rarely choose to buy a motorcycle because they have to; bike purchases are often guided by passion. In spite of the inevitable practical issues to consider, it's important to choose a bike that you'll be excited to ride.

Many experienced riders will suggest you buy a sensible first bike, and if you can find a motorcycle that fits all the logical criteria and also makes you excited to ride, you've chosen well!

Categories

Motorcycle Headlight Modulators: The Law

3 Basic Points to ponder when considering your first bike

Before You Buy Your First Motorcycle